İlişkilerde Psikolojik Manipülasyon ve Gaslighting: Bir Gözden Geçirme

Melis Özçağlı; Meryem Karaaziz; Fahriye Balkır

doi:10.35365/eass.26.1.18

Yazarlar

Melis Özçağlı Yakın Doğu Üniversitesi https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0346-8808
Meryem Karaaziz Yakın Doğu Üniversitesi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0085-612X
Fahriye Balkır Yakın Doğu Üniversitesi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6493-7615

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35365/eass.26.1.18

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Psikolojik Manipülasyon, Gaslighting, İlişkiler, Gaslighter

Özet

Bu çalışma, kişilerarası ilişkilerde yaygın olarak gözlemlenen ancak yerli literatürde sınırlı ölçüde ele alınan bir psikolojik manipülasyon türü olan gaslighting üzerine odaklanan bir gözden geçirme makalesidir. Gaslighting, manipülatörün (gaslighter) sistematik olarak bireyin algılarını, anılarını ve değerlendirmelerini sorgulayarak kurbanın gerçeklik algısını zayıflatan ince bir psikolojik istismar biçimi olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Bu süreçte kurban deneyimlerinin doğruluğundan şüphe etmeye başlar; zamanla özgüvenini kaybedebilir ve manipülatöre duygusal ve psikolojik açıdan bağımlı hale gelebilir. Bu makale, gaslighting kavramını teorik bir çerçeve içinde incelemektedir; nedenleri, temel özellikleri ve işleyiş dinamikleri ilgili literatürle uyumlu olarak ele alınmaktadır. Gaslighting'in romantik ilişkiler, aile ilişkileri ve iş hayatı gibi farklı bağlamlardaki yansımaları karşılaştırmalı olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Çalışma, bu tür manipülasyonun kurbanlar üzerinde uzun vadeli psikolojik etkilerini ele almakta ve bireylerin gaslighting'i fark etmelerine ve bu tür davranışlarla başa çıkmalarına yardımcı olacak koruyucu ve başa çıkma stratejilerini tartışmaktadır. Mevcut literatürdeki sınırlılıklar, gaslightingi tanımak ve bu tür psikolojik manipülasyonla başa çıkmak için stratejiler geliştirmek gerektiğini açıkça ortaya koymaktadır. Bu çalışma, bu boşluğu doldurmayı, gaslighting olgusunun teorik ve kavramsal bir çerçeve içinde daha iyi anlaşılmasına katkıda bulunmayı ve konuyla ilgili akademik farkındalığı artırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Ayrıca, elde edilen bilgiler bireyleri psikolojik istismardan korumaya yardımcı olacak ve toplum genelinde bu tür davranışlara karşı farkındalık ve önleme tedbirlerinin geliştirilmesinin temelini oluşturacaktır. Bu bakımdan, makale hem teorik hem de pratik açıdan gaslighting araştırmalarına değerli bir katkı sağlamayı amaçlamaktadır.

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